Sachsenhausen concentration camp: (pics may come after i’ve cooked them)
On the first day in Berlin, we decided to join a free tour to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. It’s provided by a tour company called Vive berlin, and runs on tues, thurs and sunday, at least for their summer schedule. Our tour guide, Dennis, was a uni student 27 years old, studying history. Native Berliner but not native English speaker. Nevertheless, his English was pretty good and I loved to hear the tone of his voice, explaining to us and engaging us in German history.
Group was about 16 people. He started out by intro-ing this character, Martin Niemoller, a pastor who was imprisoned in this particular concentration camp. He actually voted for and supported the nazis initially, but after Hitler reneged on his two promises to Martin (1. don’t interfere with the church, 2. treat the jews in a humane manner), he started to speak out against Hitler and was eventually imprisoned as Hitler’s personal enemy.
The tour was really something. Our tour guide, Dennis, really knew his stuff, and being a history student, he could add little extra tidbits like extracts from diaries written during that time and stuff like that. He gave a very objective recount of the events, but also added in his personal comments (telling us that it was his opinion).
He ended the tour by telling us his feelings as a native German about the atrocities commited during the war and in Sachsenhausen itself. He said that even though all this happened before his time (about 60 years ago, in fact), it’s something that’s in the mind/soul of every German, whether they were around during that time or not.
He also mentioned about the guilt he felt[1], as a German and knowing that his country was involved in all these things. To him, giving this free tours is like his “penance”, to give back to the community? And another thing he said that really struck me, was that what happened in the past should always be remembered, if not the nazis would have “won” and achieved their aim. By forgetting the past crimes and putting it behind them, it would be as if all these prisoners, all these jews, everyone who had ever passed through the concentration camp as a prisoner, had never existed. And that was the aim of the nazis. To totally eliminate the jews, till the extent that no one knows they exist anymore. Therefore, even though it’s not something to be proud of in German history, yet it must be still preserved and remembered, as a way to rebel/oppose the objective of the nazis.
You can read more about Niemoller [2], but anyway suffice to say that he survived the concentration camps and reestablished the church in Germany after WW2. He also became a peace activist and spoke often of a “guilt” that German people should feel towards not having done anything to stop the atrocities happening.
One of his most famous quotes is “First they came” [3], when he was asked why he himself didn’t do anything to prevent Hitler’s rise to power and all that was happening. It goes:
They came first for the Communists,
and I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Communist.
Then they came for the trade unionists,
and I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a trade unionist.
Then they came for the Jews,
and I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Jew.
Then they came for me
and by that time no one was left to speak up.
According to Dennis, one of the results of the war was that Germans became very diplomatic and peace loving, and try to have a “love your neighbour” principle. Apparently, the quote above is taught to every German kid in school, with the moral being that if u want your rights to be protected, u need to care about the rights of others as well.
Suffice to say I was really moved after the tour. And looking around Berlin, knowing that this city was once what it was, and yet now rebuilt into what it is, to see its people face their history head on and bare what they know to the world, it’s just amazing. Looking at all that, I can’t help but think of another country involved in the war, Japan. If Japan could be so open about what they did, and just bare themselves to the world, forgiveness will come much more easily, I think.
As u can tell, I’m super impacted but what I saw and heard today. I doubt I can remember everything Dennis said (I admit that I was hanging on to his every word), but I bring u what I can. For the full 100% impact of it, check out the free tour (and maybe their other tours as well), on their website.
Other points to note: if G was here, maybe he’ll have appreciated being at the very site of all that history he was learning!
Also, if I had a history teacher like Dennis, omg I can’t imagine.. maybe i’d be in a different field instead of chemistry. 😉
[1] See Stuttgart declaration of guilt
[2] Wiki link – Martin Niemoller
[3] Wiki link – “First they came”
Next up in Berlin series: Berlin wall/checkpoint charlie